Titanate coupling agents yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv uas nyob ib puag ncig titanium atoms, txuas cov inorganic fillers thiab organic polymers los ntawm ester pawg. Cov qauv tsim meej ntawm lawv cov qauv molecular txiav txim siab lawv cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv hauv kev sib tshuam. Kev nkag siab tob txog lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb ua ntej rau kev ua kom zoo rau daim ntawv thov.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm molecular, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm titanate coupling cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj peb ntu: lub hauv paus titanium atom, ester pawg ntu txuas cov titanium atom, thiab cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Lub hauv paus titanium atom feem ntau yog tetravalent (Ti⁴⁺), muaj peev xwm sib koom ua ke, thiab tuaj yeem koom tes lossis tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov pab pawg hydroxyl (-OH) ntawm qhov chaw muab tub lim kom tsim cov tshuaj ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Lewis acidity ntawm titanium atom endows nws nrog kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov pab pawg uas muaj ib leeg khub electrons (xws li carboxyl thiab amino pawg), txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog cov organic matrix.
Ester ntu yog tus choj tseem ceeb txuas lub chaw titanium mus rau pawg organic ua haujlwm, feem ntau siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm monoalkoxy (-O-R), pyrophosphate (-O-P(O)(OR)₂), lossis chelate nplhaib qauv (xws li lub suab nrov). Hauv cov qauv monoalkoxy, pawg alkoxy ncaj qha koom nrog titanium, nthuav tawm cov kev ua haujlwm siab tab sis cov dej tsis muaj zog, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm qhuav. Pyrophosphate pawg txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg ntawm titanium chaw los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm bidentate, txhim kho hydrolysis tsis kam, ua rau lawv haum rau cov av ntub lossis dej. Chelate cov qauv qhia txog cyclic ligands (xws li -}diketones) ntxiv rau cov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm titanium atom, txuas lub neej txee thiab nthuav dav lub qhov rais ua haujlwm kub.
Terminal functional pab pawg yog cov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab nws compatibility nrog organic polymers, feem ntau nrog rau ntev -chain alkyl pawg (xws li octyl thiab dodecyl), muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbon pawg (xws li phenyl), los yog reactive pawg (xws li maleic anhydride thiab epoxy pawg). Ntev - cov saw alkyl pawg entangle nrog hydrophobic polymers (xws li polyethylene thiab polypropylene) los ntawm van der Waals rog, txhim kho interfacial wettability; aromatic hydrocarbon pawg txhim khu kev sib txuas nrog engineering yas (xws li polycarbonate thiab polyester) los ntawm π-π conjugation; pawg reactive tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization (xws li lub nplhaib- qhib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm epoxy pawg thiab carboxyl pawg), ua covalent daim ntawv cog lus thiab ua tiav "ntev" interfacial fixation.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom sib txawv endows titanate coupling agents nrog ntau lub zog ua haujlwm: hom monoalkoxy hais txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai thiab tsim nyog rau qis - kub, luv - ua; chelate thiab kev sib koom ua ke yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg siab, haum rau kev ua haujlwm ntev - cov kev xav tau hauv cov cheeb tsam hnyav. Qhov no ternary qauv tsim ntawm "titanium chaw- pawg ester- pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm" tso cai rau nws los thauj tog rau nkoj ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo thiab sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov organic matrix network, dhau los ua qhov nruab nrab zoo tagnrho rau kev hla -theem interface regulation.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm titanate coupling agents tsis yog ib yam khoom, tab sis cov qauv molecular meej raws li titanium atom coordination chemistry. Cov nyhuv synergistic ntawm txhua yam tsim nws lub peev xwm hloov kho interfacial tshwj xeeb, muab ntau cov kev daws teeb meem rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw.
